Managing the economic dimensions of peace processes. On december 9, the government of indonesia goi and the acehnese rebel movement gam concluded a historic ceasefire. Even so, the nature of acehs postconflict political settlement through. Conflict resolution after the memorandum of understanding. Typology and causes of post conflict violence in aceh. This act ushered in 30 years of protracted conflict, as indonesian national forces fought separatist gam members for control of aceh. Aceh conflict resolution lessons learned and the future of aceh. Aceh territory is also considered resettlement ground for javanese migrants. Since 1873, 86 years have been spent in armed uprising.
Reconfiguring politics the indonesia aceh peace process accord issue 20. The field research was conducted in sri lanka and acehindonesia as a comparative analysis. It analyses the actions and motivations of the key players and considers future prospects for a. Aceh peace is a new dynamic on the resolution of conflicts in the region. Jan 19, 2014 the study presents an analysis of the conflict resolution process in the aceh conflict between the government of indonesia goi and the free aceh movement gerekan aceh merdeka or gam. As a quarterly published journal, the aijss promotes dialogue and scholarship about social issues, particularly in the context of aceh. It started when holland declaration of war against aceh in 1887. Study on the forgiveness concept of aceh conflict victims. This working paper shows the evolution of the aceh conflict until its. Pemberontakan di aceh by the indonesian government, was a conflict fought by the free aceh movement gam between 1976 and 2005, with the goal of making the province of aceh independent from indonesia. The memorandum of understanding mou of 2005, signed by the indonesian government and the free aceh movement gam, brought a threedecade war to an end. The case of aceh, indonesia executive summary the asia. For many acehnese nationalists, especially those in gam, the conflict is essentially about identity. After the 2004 tsunami gravely devastated the coastal region of aceh that killed more than 225,000 people, aceh has been the focus of discussion by scholars from various perspectives globally.
It is located on the northern end of sumatra, with banda aceh being its capital and largest city. Dari perspektif keadilan transisi proses perdamaian di. A lost decade for victims of indonesias aceh conflict. There are diverging accounts of the primary causes of acehs contemporary conflict. Secessionist challenges in aceh and papua ix this study concludes by examining these comparative themes while also discussing the future prospects for special autonomy in indonesia. Information, analysis and advice for the parliament information and research services current issues brief no.
As the acehnese, we have always known that freedom comes with a price. The researchers chose sri lanka and acehindonesia because both were severely hit by the tsunami in december 2004 and have been marred by. Over the years the conflict varied in intensity and scope. Conflict, violence and displacement a day of analysis programme thursday 20th may 2004, dahrendorf room, st antonys college, oxford 9. The world bank report 2008 shows that poverty in aceh after the tsunami disaster rose, from 28. Transmigrants preferred to live in refugee areas because their security was. For further reading on the situation in aceh, the annexes provide an overview of the origins of the conflict, key actors, as well as a copy of the coha signed in geneva. The conflict in aceh actually has a continuity causes, but also has discontinuities settlement, where a different president, would resolve the aceh problem in a different way as well adam in basyar, 2008.
The conflict between the indonesia government and the free aceh movement gam took place from 1976 to 2005. Subnational conflict and international development assistance aceh is the best example in asia of the transformation of a violent conflict into an enduring peace. If we look back at the history of conflict in aceh, then we are able to understand, that both approaches of. Forgiveness, concept, aceh, conflict victims introduction conflict and war in aceh took place for a long time, since colonial time until after the independence of the republic of indonesia. This brief provides a background analysis of the conflict in aceh and examines the motivations of the three key. The agreement brought an end to the nearly 30 years of bloody armed conflict that claimed 15,000 lives, displaced tens of thousands of people, and impacted the whole. Land rights in aceh 30 nov 2006 acehs local elections. Prior to the natural disaster, the parties to the conflict had started to explore the possibility of a negotiated settlement. Born to acehnese parents in sibreh, in aceh besar district, aguswandi studied constitutional law at syiah kuala university in banda aceh, where he was elected secretary general of the. Apr 01, 2016 aceh peace is a new dynamic on the resolution of conflicts in the region. Former political prisoner in her new cafe she set up with assistance. The 2004 iot and the conflict brought national and international attention to aceh, with the posttsunami recovery effort between 2005 and 2010 bringing the possibility of change through the assistance of various international and local organizations.
Starting with unofficial efforts by the indonesian side from mid. In 2006 and early 2007, she was also with the united nations recovery coordinator unorc as a. Aceh, and that became the focus of analysis and discussion and areas where the hdc. On december 4, 1976, members of the free aceh movement gam unilaterally declared acehnese independence. The role of the free aceh movement gam, icg asia briefing no. Together with studies on sudan northsouth and nepal, this case study is part of a larger project that attempts to establish an evidence base on. Section 4 gives suggestions for broad tools that development actors, such as the world bank and others, may use to address these, and, more broadly, to support the peaceful recovery of aceh, and outlines principles for conflict sensitive development planning. Analysis of poverty level fishermen community post tsunami in. However, the poverty rate has decreased in 2006 to 26. The aftermath of a strong military offensive in 2003 and the 2004 indian ocean earthquake brought a peace. The rebellion loosely integrated disparate agendas to form a federation of islamic states negara islam indonesia, nii. Eight years have passed and the agreement was signed by the free aceh movement gam and the indonesian government, while. In lieu of commonly adopted macro and structural analysis of the conflict, this study methodologically instead applies micro and dynamic analysis of the conflict.
This report looks at the reasons for the successful outcome of the aceh peace process, which offers useful lessons for peace implementation elsewhere. This conflict was the result of the central government in jakarta reneging on its promises for regional autonomy as well as the exploitation of acehs resources by the central government. After a promising period of relative peace in the indonesian province of aceh, the ceasefire of december 2002 has collapsed and the military has begun a new offensive. Pdf the humanitarian impacts of internal conflicts in. Typology and causes of post conflict violence in aceh 20052012. These information sources include meetings, talks and interviews i conducted with. In this analysis, i draw upon my own observations and experiences in the field as president and cofounder of the liga inong acheh lina acheh womens league and as an acehnese woman directly involved in the conflict and the peace negotiations. Section 4 gives suggestions for broad tools that development actors, such as the world bank and others, may use to address these, and, more broadly, to support the peaceful recovery of aceh, and outlines principles for conflictsensitive development planning. Despite these complexities, three decades of armed conflict ended in 2005 after aceh had been severely affected by a tsunami. This price has been paid by thousands of acehnese lives. This note summarizes the results of a rapid conflict assessment prepared by the bank to understand conflict dynamics, to analyze possible scenarios after signing of the agreement, and to identify tools and mechanisms that the government, donors, and other stakeholders could use to support the peace process. Establishes a human rights court to expose abuses committed during the conflict, and a truth and reconciliation commission in aceh.
Aceh conflict resolution 2 free download as powerpoint presentation. By patrick barron, erman rahmant, kharisma nugroho. The conflict in aceh raged in three intervals from the mid1970s. The case of aceh, indonesia executive summary download. In general, this study primarily argues that the framing strategy adopted by free aceh movement gam is clearly secular in nature, andor far away from the islamnuanced religiosity. Aceh post conflict and tsunami have been exposed to severe conditions of poverty. Aceh province is mentioned by the author of the population and conflict aceh, aris ananta 2007, as a multi ethnic muslim province with at least eight ethnic residents, the described as having a high level of resistance. Aceh conflict monitoring update 1st june 31st july 20071 world bankdsf political conflicts in june and july indicated tensions both between gam and the government of indonesia goi as well as within gam itself. And therefore, the history of aceh became full of conflict with the. Allows aceh to use its own regional flag, crest, and hymn. Aceh postconflict and tsunami have been exposed to severe conditions of poverty. The impacts of donor interventions and cessation of. Aceh ceasefire threatened by escalating violence press release, april 23, 2003 accountability for human rights violations in aceh report, march 2002 indonesia. Archipelago of,500 islands 6,000 of which are inhabited total area.
Granted a special autonomous status, aceh is a religiously conservative territory and the only indonesian province practicing sharia law officially. The field research was conducted in sri lanka and aceh indonesia as a comparative analysis. Secularism and the issue of islam in the aceh conflict. Dari perspektif keadilan transisi proses perdamaian di aceh. The acehnese, however, are opposed to this use of their land and have long aspired to independence. Resource wealth, autonomy, and peace in aceh fragile states. Land rights in aceh 30 nov 2006 aceh s local elections. Comparative analysis of the impact of tsunami and tsunami.
The insurgency in aceh, officially designated the aceh disturbance indonesian. The models, which also include posited conflict related domestic political, economic, military, and cultural variables, explain 90% of the cases and twothirds of the war cases, thus making a. Promises and pitfalls of ngo mediation and implementation in december 2002, the longrunning separatist conflict in aceh, indonesia, witnessed its most significant breakthrough in 26 years of intermittent fighting. There are ten indigenous ethnic groups in this region, the largest being the. Analysis of poverty level fishermen community post tsunami. Conflict analysis and options for systemic conflict. Pdf aceh peace is a new dynamic on the resolution of conflicts in the region. Applying lessons from the aceh conflict to eu peacekeeping. The roots of the contemporary conflict can be traced back to the darul islam house of islam rebellion, which began in 1948 in west java and spread across the archipelago, reaching aceh in 1953. The consultant is required to observe and analyze the result of the workshop to elaborate the answers the key questions. The researchers chose sri lanka and aceh indonesia because both were severely hit by the tsunami in december 2004 and have been marred by intrastate conflicts.
A lost decade for victims of indonesias aceh conflict august 2015, 11. Subnational conflict and international development assistance. Aceh is the best example in asia of the transformation of a violent conflict into an enduring peace. Understanding aceh the civil war in aceh was but the latest mani festation of a long history of rebellion against jakarta. A memorandum of understanding between the government of indonesia goi and the free aceh movement gam was finally signed on august 15, 2005, in helsinki, finland. Opinions expressed in new routes do not necessarily reflect lpi policy positions. Conflict, violence and displacement a day of analysis speakers aguswandi, current contributor to tapol the indonesian human rights campaign. This article charts causal factors and antecedents to the contemporary conflict during the colonial period of acehnese history and the early decades of independence, before considering the immediate causes mediating the emergence of free aceh movement gam in the 1970s. Material may be reproduced freely if new routes is mentioned as the source.
Syiah kuala university and iain arraniry banda aceh, malikul saleh university and politeknik university lhokseumawe. An euled mission completed its mandate of monitoring and supporting the peace process in the indonesian province of aceh on december 15, 2006. Jun 01, 2015 as a quarterly published journal, the aijss promotes dialogue and scholarship about social issues, particularly in the context of aceh. The program publishes monthly updates and analysis of the data, complemented by fieldwork where possible, in both english and indonesian. Peace processes and postconflict transition in aceh. During this struggle for independence, their human rights have systematically been disregarded they have been pillaged, raped, and disappeared. Search indonesia will facilitate a participatory conflict analysis workshop where participants are asked regarding the key questions mentioned above.
There are diverging accounts of the primary causes of aceh s contemporary conflict. This report the aceh public expenditure analysis apea is the result of collaborative efforts between the world bank and four acehnese universities. The impacts of donor interventions and cessation of conflict. Neither ad hoc unilateral concession making nor the subsequent shift to coercive measures has resolved separatist conflict in aceh or papua. The study presents an analysis of the conflict resolution process in the aceh conflict between the government of indonesia goi and the free aceh movement gerekan aceh merdeka or gam. The aceh conflict has been one of the longest running in asia. In 1976 conflict erupted in the indonesian province of aceh between the newly formed free aceh movement gam and the indonesian military. Periods of peace have lasted only as long as the leaders who negotiated peace remained in power. Pdf aceh conflict resolution by the government of indonesia. Eight years have passed and the agreement was signed by the free aceh. Spending for reconstruction and poverty reduction wb, 4.
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